The coastal seas, coastal areas and interface areas have been and still are places of production of natural living resources essential to the food security of our societies. The diversity of their production and the quality of the products generated by inshore fishing activities or new or traditional aquaculture are one of the richnesses and strong components of the diversity of maritime terroirs and contribute to the gastronomic reputation of many regions. These areas are actively coveted and impacted by numerous uses that jeopardise the sustainability of this type of activity. This topic will focus on the description of the economic and social importance of this type of activity as well as the conflicts of use that exist for their development or maintenance.

Key words: social and economic importance of fishing; traditional and new aquaculture; conflicts of use and space; other constraints.